Abstract: . . .  Anatomic validation of the method. Circulation 1977;55:613 618. 11. Vogeser M, Jacob K. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)validation of an immediate response assay. Clin Lab 2001;47:2933. 12. Maeda K, Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Hisanaga T, Kinoshita M. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a biochemical marker of high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J 1998;135:825832. 13. Luchner A, Burnett JC, Jougasaki M, Hense H-W, Riegger GAJ, Schunkert  . . .
. . .  as a biochemical marker of high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J 1998;135:825832. 13. Luchner A, Burnett JC, Jougasaki M, Hense H-W, Riegger GAJ, Schunkert H. Augmentation of the cardiac natriuretic peptides by beta-receptor antagonism: evidence from a population-based study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;32:18391844. 14. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, DAgostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham . . .
. . .  biochemical marker of high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J 1998;135:825832. 13. Luchner A, Burnett JC, Jougasaki M, Hense H-W, Riegger GAJ, Schunkert H. Augmentation of the cardiac natriuretic peptides by beta-receptor antagonism: evidence from a population-based study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;32:18391844. 14. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, DAgostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study. . . .
. . .  Although our study shows an important association between BNP levels and the presence of AF, further research in this area is needed to confirm our findings in a larger population of patients with chronic AF. Studies are also needed to investigate the mechanisms responsible for elevated BNP levels in patients with chronic AF, and to determine whether the extent of BNP elevation has any prognostic significance in this group of patients. Acknowledgment: We thank Robert Goldberg, PhD, for editorial advice. The BNP assays for the study . . .
. . .  AF. Similarly, older age, larger left atrial size, and the use of blockers independently predicted higher BNP values in this patient group. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has shown BNP levels to be significantly elevated in male and female outpatients with chronic AF compared with patients in sinus rhythm. Our study recruited patients at a general cardiology clinic, not in a tertiary care setting. This makes the results of the study more applicable to the general population of patients with AF. Unlike most previous . . .
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