Abstract: . . .  hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, those too sympto- matic in rate-controlled AF, or those at unacceptably high risk of bleeding with anticoagulation); and patients under 65 years of age and with no other risk factors for stroke or death. Managing atrial fibrillation redrawing a line in the sand Page 2 MJA Vol 178 19 May 2003 481 EDITORIALS For many such patients, and for most patients first episode of persistent AF, . . .
. . .  AFFIRM study design. The Planning and Steering Committees of the AFFIRM Study for the NHLBI AFFIRM Investigators. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79: 1198-1202. ? Summary of the findings of two major studies examining rate control and rhythm control in atrial fibrillation AFFIRM 3 Dutch study 4 Number of participants 4060 522 Mean duration of follow-up 3.5 years 2.3 years Mean age at baseline 70 years 68 years Females . . .
. . .  study design. The Planning and Steering Committees of the AFFIRM Study for the NHLBI AFFIRM Investigators. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79: 1198-1202. ? Summary of the findings of two major studies examining rate control and rhythm control in atrial fibrillation AFFIRM 3 Dutch study 4 Number of participants 4060 522 Mean duration of follow-up 3.5 years 2.3 years Mean age at baseline 70 years 68 years Females 39% . . .
. . .  sympto- matic in rate-controlled AF, or those at unacceptably high risk of bleeding with anticoagulation); and patients under 65 years of age and with no other risk factors for stroke or death. Managing atrial fibrillation redrawing a line in the sand Page 2 MJA Vol 178 19 May 2003 481 EDITORIALS For many such patients, and for most patients first episode of persistent AF, it remains appropriate to cardiovert . . .
. . .  examining rate control and rhythm control in atrial fibrillation AFFIRM 3 Dutch study 4 Number of participants 4060 522 Mean duration of follow-up 3.5 years 2.3 years Mean age at baseline 70 years 68 years Females 39% 36% Event Rate Rhythm Difference significant? ( P ) Rate Rhythm Difference significant? Primary endpoint* 21.3% 23.8% No (0.08) . . .
--2658,5,266,3053,13291