Abstract: . . .  Conferences (Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation ) devel- oped in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Circulation. 2001; 104:21182150. 10. Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation . Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154:14491457. ADDRESS: Mina K. Chung, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, F15, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail chungm@ccf.org. Rhythm control may still be  . . .
. . .  fibrillation : rhythm control versus rate control. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2000; 23:891903. 4. Van Gelder IC, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recur- rent persistent atrial fibrillation . N Engl J Med 2002; 347:18341840. 5. Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation . N Engl J Med 2002; 347:18251833. 6. Wyse DG. The AFFIRM trial: main trial and substudies what can we expect? J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2000; 4(suppl 1):171176. 7. The Planning and Steering Committees of the AFFIRM study for the NHLBI AFFIRM investigators. Atrial . . .
. . .  efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation . Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154:14491457. ADDRESS: Mina K. Chung, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, F15, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail chungm@ccf.org. Rhythm control may still be justified in young patients and new-onset or symptomatic disease Copyright Compliance and Bulk Reprints Permission to reproduce articles from Bulk reprints of articles may be ordered the Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine directly from: may be obtained from:  . . .
. . .  1,391) Coronary artery disease No (n = 2,509) Yes (n = 1,551) Hypertension No (n = 1,184) Yes (n = 2,876) Congestive heart failure No (n = 3,121) Yes (n = 939) Sex Female (n = 1,594) Male (n = 2,466) HAZARD RATIO Rate control better AFFIRM data: Rate control is at least as good as rhythm control for most subgroups FIGURE 1. Hazard ratios for death in prespecified subgroups in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) trial. The numbers in the groups do not total 4,060 for all variables because of incomplete reporting. The ratios shown are for the rhythm . . .
--3000,4,375,3296,30942