Abstract: . . .  recent prospective randomised controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of high-intensity warfarin treatment (target INR, 3.04.0) versus standard-intensity treatment (target INR, 2.03.0) in 114 patients with arterial thrombo- sis and VTE with antiphospholipid antibodies attempted to address this uncertainty. 11 The results of the trial showed that there was no difference in the rates of recurrent thrombosis and bleeding between the two groups. Although the confidence intervals were wide because the number of events was small, the study does give some guidance regarding treatment decisions for the majority of patients with thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibodies. However, there are several caveats: Patients were included after already receiving warfarin for variable periods of time, and only a third of patients were allocated to one of . . .
. . .  associated behavioural patterns. Having established CBT as a beneficial treatment approach, subsequent studies have sought to identify the active components of the CBT package. In this regard, graded physical exercise therapy has been found in several studies to be significantly better than comparators such as relaxation therapy, notably in reducing symptom severity and gaining improved function. 6-8 In particular, Fulcher and MJA Vol 180 3 May 2004 437  . . .
. . .  thromboembolism. Blood 1995; 86: 3685-3691. 5. Galli M, Luciani D, Bertolini G, Barbui T. Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a systematic review of the literature. Blood 2003; 101: 1827-1832. 6. Schulman S, Svenungsson E, Granqvist S, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Am J Med 1998; 104: 332-338. 7. Health Insurance Commission. Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) item statistics reports. MBS statistics 20022003. Available at: www.hic.gov.au/statistics/ dyn_mbs/forms/mbs_tab4.shtml (accessed Feb 2004). 8. Khamashta MA, Cuadrado MJ, Loizou S, et al. The management of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 993-997.  . . .
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