Abstract: . . .  experiment, we will hydrogenate olive oil, examine the properties of the product, and use infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to explain the results. First, however, a brief discussion of fats and oils will be helpful. Fats and oils Catalytic Hydrogenation and Arteriosclerosis Page 2 2 Fats and oils are triglycerides, which consist of glycerol molecules esterified with three fatty acids. Fatty acids are essentially long hydrocarbon chains terminating in a carboxyl group. Stearic acid (18 carbons, saturated) . . .
. . .  melting point is low, and because it is impossible to get the material in a capillary tube. B. Spectroscopic analysis Infrared and elementary proton NMR will be used to explain the observed melting point. The details will be made more clear in a handout. For now, try to digest the rudiments of NMR.  . . .
. . .  Saturated triglycerides melt at much higher temperatures than unsaturated ones, and ones containing Page 5 5 trans fatty acids melt at higher temperatures than those containing cis fatty acids. The trend can be seen in the melting points of the following triglycerides. Note the notation: C 18 is stearate (saturated), C 18 is oleate (cis), and C 18 t is elaidate (trans). glyceryl tristearate (C 18 C 18 C 18 ) 55 glyceryl . . .
. . .  melting point is low, and because it is impossible to get the material in a capillary tube. B. Spectroscopic analysis Infrared and elementary proton NMR will be used to explain the observed melting point. The details will be made more clear in a handout. For now, try to digest the rudiments of NMR.  . . .
. . .  C 18 , C 18 C 18 C 18 , and C 18 C 18 C 18 should begin to melt at about 5 and be complete by about 25 even if a few percent stearate (C18 saturated) is present in the mixture. Rancidity Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic oxidize easily in air. Thus, linseed oil, which contains a large percentage of linolenic acid, is an excellent vehicle for oil- based paint because oxidation cross-links the fatty acid molecules . . .
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