Abstract: . . .  effects for people at low risk and, converse- ly, undertreating those who need more aggressive care. The availability of such a pill might also deter people from the lifestyle changes (such as losing weight and stopping smoking) that can do the same thing at no cost and have other benefits as well. References 1. Nissen SE, Tsunoda T, Tuzcu EM, et al. Effect of recombinant apoA-I Milano on coronary athero sclerosis in patients with acute coronary syn dromes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;290:2292300. 2. Wald NJ, Law MR. Strategy to reduce cardiovas- cular disease by more than 80%. BMJ 2003;326:1419. XX.5.2 NOTES  . . .
. . .  these actions are the actual methods by which high levels of HDL appear to be atheroprotective is still not clear. However, these find- ings have prompted exciting research activity directed at the genes and proteins that regulate HDL metabo- lism, which portends major benefits for the future treat- ment and prevention of atherosclerosis. Multiple approaches to increasing apo A-I production are in development in preclinical animal models, and some are in early clinical trials. Perhaps the most desirable approach would be a small molecule that up- regulates apo A-I gene transcription. Another approach is the intravenous infusion of a recombinant apo A-I protein. Finally, the concept of using somatic gene transfer of apo A-I deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to a tissue in which apo A-I could be made and secret- . . .
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